Effects of Stress on the Body

Physical Effects

• Heart: Stress can increase heart rate, raise blood pressure, and contribute to heart disease.
• Brain: Symptoms may include fatigue, decreased mood, and reduced concentration.
• Skin: Stress can alter skin texture, tone, and moisture, making it appear more delicate.
• Immune System: It can lead to decreased immunity, making individuals more susceptible to illnesses.
• Muscles and Bones: Stress may cause muscle tension, protein breakdown in muscles, and reduced calcium absorption, weakening bones.
• Gut: Effects include changes in gut mobility, nutrient absorption, and potential development of a "leaky gut" syndrome.

Physical Signs and Symptoms

• Low energy
• Headaches
• Muscle tension
• Neck or back pain
• Stomach upsets (diarrhoea, constipation, nausea)
• Chest pain and rapid heartbeat in severe cases
• Frequent colds and infections
• Loss of sexual desire or ability
• Dry mouth and difficulty sleeping
• Changes in appetite (loss of appetite or overeating)

Cognitive, Behavioural, and Emotional Symptoms

• Cognitive: Memory problems, inability to concentrate, poor judgment, pessimism, anxiety, racing thoughts, and constant worrying.
• Behavioural: Changes such as altered eating patterns, excessive sleeping or insomnia, social withdrawal, procrastination, neglect of duties, substance use, and nervous habits like nail biting.
• Emotional: Depression, general unhappiness, anxiety, mood swings, irritability, anger, feelings of being overwhelmed or lonely, and isolation.